ethnicity and crime statistics uk 2020

Data sources to which this applies include Crime Survey for England and Wales. These proportions have remained broadly consistent across the last 5 years. Not all agencies provide ethnicity data; therefore, the race and ethnicity totals will not equal. This publication compiles statistics from data sources across the Criminal Justice System (CJS), to provide a combined perspective on the typical experiences of different ethnic groups. Over the past 5 years, the most common sentence given for indictable offences across all ethnic groups was immediate custody, accounting for 35% of all offenders sentenced in 2020 (where ethnicity is known). , Detailed results of the survey can be found in table 6.06 in the tables document published alongside this report. These include: Survey data from Her Majestys Inspectorate of Prisons Annual Report, (New) Understanding Educational Background of Offenders (MoJ/ DfE data share). Over the past five years, concordance rates[footnote 40] for immediate custodial sentences across all ethnic groups (excluding Missing/Not Stated) increased from 73% in 2016 to 90% in 2018, followed by a small decrease to 87% in 2020. In 2020, 76% of crime lower legal aid workload was for White clients, with 7% for Black, 7% for Asian, 7% for Other and 3% for clients from Mixed ethnic groups. The Chinese or Other ethnic group had the highest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 62%, whereas the White ethnic group had the lowest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 42%. the officer found what they were searching for), and those where the item found was not what the officer was searching for, or where nothing was found. A 21% decrease was seen in requirements started under suspended sentence orders. Figure 6.03: Average proportion of determinate sentence served in custody, by ethnicity, England and Wales, 2016 to 2020. 53% of prosecutions for this offence were for White defendants, 25% Black, 13% Asian, 6% Mixed and 2% Chinese or Other ethnic groups. In 2020, White defendants spent the lowest mean number of days (156) at court, while defendants from Chinese or Other ethnic groups had the highest (199). This section is limited to these offences (referred to indictable) and to defendants aged 10 or over unless otherwise is explicitly stated. High proportions of prisoners from all ethnic groups reported that they knew what the COVID restrictions were in the prison and that reasons for restrictions had been explained to them. A higher proportion of White offenders had a long history of offending, 35% of White offenders had 15 or more previous convictions or cautions, compared to Black offenders at 26%, Asian offenders at 16% and Chinese or Other at 9%, for adults [footnote 67]. , The Rehabilitation Activity Requirement was introduced in 2014 under the Offender Rehabilitation Act and requires the offender to attend appointments and participate in activities selected by their responsible officer to support their rehabilitation and reduce reoffending. It investigates the differences between ethnic groups[footnote 81] for these offences, and whether this picture has changed over time. In 2020, 40% of White defendants were remanded in custody compared to 51% of Chinese or Other and 49% of Black defendants. The most common sentence given for indictable offences across all ethnic groups was immediate custody, accounting for 35% of all offenders sentenced in 2020 (where ethnicity is known). In comparison to all other ethnic groups, higher proportions of White prisoners reported more positive experiences, including feeling respected by staff, feeling safe from COVID and having enough cleaning facilities. These proportions have remained relatively stable over the last 5 years. The proportion of offender reoffending by age was highest for those aged 18 to 20 for Black, Asian and Other offenders. Individuals from the Black ethnic group also had the lowest proportion of suspended sentences, at 14% in 2020. So 61% of the population is committing 58% of the violent crimes, so the math lines up. , The Police National Computer has a 6+1 ethnicity classification. Victims were able to identify the race or ethnicity of their assailants in 86% of violent crimes. Periodically, political and media discourse focuses on the myth of 'Black on Black crime', or the supposed threat of young Black men to safety of the presumed law-abiding majority. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. Figure 5.04: RRI of remands in custody at Crown Court, 2016-2020, England and Wales. The proportions across ethnic groups have remained relatively stable in the past 5 years. SW1H 9AJ. Publish a time-series of revisions due to errors in our statistical processes and procedures so we can monitor the quality of our outputs. During this three-year period, 38% of Black homicide victims were of age 20 or younger; 13% of White, 24% of Asian and 33% of Other ethnicity homicide victims were in this age group. London showed a markedly different pattern than the rest of England and Wales. The Asian ethnic group (2%) were significantly less likely than the White ethnic group (4%) to be victims of a personal crime, whilst the Mixed ethnic group (7%) were significantly more likely. Our Business & Enterprise Products. Because of this, the statistics presented in this report cannot present the typical experience of a person of a particular ethnic group, but it can highlight areas where further investigation or research may be warranted when looking at differences between ethnic groups. A technical document titled A Guide to Statistics on Ethnicity and the Criminal Justice System is available alongside this report, which provides users with information on the concepts and terminology used within the report, as well as information about data sources, data quality and references. Source: Census 2001 England Household form, Office for National Statistics. A fine was the most common outcome for all ethnic groups, except for the Chinese or Other group, where immediate custody was higher. , This figure includes 96 victims of Hillsborough and four victims of the Westminster Bridge attack in the year ending 2017, and 31 victims of the terrorist attacks that involved multiple victims, including the Manchester Arena bombing, and the London Bridge attack recorded in the year ending 2018. The reoffending rate for Black adult offenders was highest for 18-20 year olds at 35%. Between 2016 and 2020, the proportion of defendants remanded in custody at Crown Court has increased for all ethnic groups and the proportion remanded has remained highest for Chinese or Other, Black and Mixed defendants. The arrest rate for all ethnic groups decreased over this period, each within the range of 4 percentage points (pp) in 2020/21 (10 to 14%). The most frequent method of killing in homicides with Asian victims was Strangulation (38%), closely followed by sharp instrument (35%). 87% of people in the UK are White, and 13% belong to a Black, Asian, Mixed or Other ethnic group (2011 Census data). This is especially apparent when comparing to the ethnic breakdown of the population of England and Wales[footnote 1]. When a suspect is formally charged, they are brought before a magistrates court (as a defendant) as soon as possible. Due to the small population of children from Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups they are subject to greater variance across the years and have therefore been omitted from this comparison. , Self-declared from HR records reported table 3_5_JO_Magistrates Judicial Diversity Statistics, 2021 publication, the quoted figure covers all court judges; Judicial Diversity Statistics 2017. in the year ending March 2020, 13% of people aged 16 and over said they had been the victim of a crime at least once in the last year. The parole board carry out risk assessments on prisoners to determine whether they can be safely released into the community. This number does not include offences such as speeding. Overall, 81% of defendants who were remanded in custody at Crown Court for drug offences went on to receive an immediate custodial sentence. In 2020/21, stop and searches which resulted in arrests accounted for 12% of total arrests made in England and Wales (where ethnicity is known). In 2020, 59% of Asian child offenders had no previous offender history, compared to 50% for White, 47% for Black and 57% for Chinese or Other children. Overall, of the young offenders sentenced/ cautioned, a larger proportion of Black offenders (18%) had been permanently excluded, compared to White (14%), Asian (9%) and Other (9%) offenders[footnote 79]. The proportion of White victims decreased by 7 percentage points (pp) since the previous three-year period (2014/15 to 2016/17), with corresponding increases in the proportions of victims from Black (up 3pp), Asian (up 2pp), and Other (up 2pp) ethnic groups. It published the data today in new crime figures showing there were 695 homicides in the year . theories are . In addition, the annual report from the Head of Profession to the National Statistician will: Provide information on how many revisions were required to our publications and the reasons for these. Figure 3.01: Percentage of adults who reported as victims of a CSEW personal crime by ethnic group, England and Wales 2015/16 and 2019/20[footnote 12]. Due to the small population of children sentenced to immediate custody from Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups trends should be viewed with caution. (FBI Table 21 Arrests by Race and Ethnicity, 2016 / archive) 2016 FBI Violent Crime Statistics Black suspects had the highest proportion of stop and searches for offensive weapons (including firearms) at 19%, compared to 10 to 15% for all other ethnic groups[footnote 26]. Where there are multiple suspects if any conviction information is available the suspect with the longest sentence or most severe conviction is determined to be the principal suspect. Where ethnicity was recorded in the data, for all young offenders sentenced or cautioned, over half were eligible for FSM: White (57%), Black (66%), Asian (59%), and Other (68%). The statistics reported in this bulletin are primarily National Statistics[footnote 7], as drawn from either other published National Statistics bulletins or the data underpinning them. Fast Forward to the 21st century, and the criminological debate about race and crime now centred on the involvement of Black young people in street gangs. in all age groups, Asian people were more likely to fear crime than White people. Where young offenders received a custodial sentence, the proportion of White offenders persistently absent was significantly higher than the proportion of Black offenders, both for custody for 12 months or less (by 7pp) and for more than 12 months (by 11pp). , Ethnicity was recorded for 96.5% of offenders supervised on post-release licence in 2020. The ACSL for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020 across all ethnic groups, except for the Mixed ethnic group . In relation to crime and deviance, sociologists are interested in the apparently significant differential incidence of criminality and victimhood among the various ethnicities. Children from minority ethnic groups accounted for two thirds (66%) of arrests of children made in London in in 2020/21. Convictions across indictable offence groups varied between ethnic groups in 2020, with drug offences accounting for the highest proportion of offenders within each ethnic group except for White offenders, where the highest proportion of convictions was for theft offences. 6. Differences in outcomes between ethnic groups over time present a mixed picture, with disparity decreasing in some areas and widening in others. 327.21%. We are trialling the publication of this statistical bulletin in HTML format alongside the usual PDF version and we are seeking user feedback on the use of HTML for the publication of statistical bulletins. This chapter provides statistics relating to offenders in custody or under supervision in the community. Lower GPRs of defendants from minority ethnic groups will likely be related to the higher proportion deciding to elect to be tried by a jury at Crown Court. Asian offenders had a longer ACSL for drug offences compared to all other ethnic groups, The difference in ACSL can be attributed to a range of factors, including the varying offence mix across ethnic groups (see figure 8.01). The number of stop and searches carried out by police has risen by 24% to almost 700,000 in a single year, with officers using the tactic on the . Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. The reoffending rate of adults was highest for those aged 18-20 for ethnic minority groups. Concordance rates for all PSR figures can be found in the defendants tables (5.14b)[footnote 41]. Asian individuals had the highest proportion of fines given, at 23%, in comparison to White individuals (16%). Those where ethnicity is not known are not included in this commentary. In 2020, 52% of Black defendants were remanded in custody, compared to 36% of White defendants. The latest data available during the compilation of this report have been included. In 2020/21, 77% of stop and searches conducted on individuals from the Asian ethnic group were for drugs, compared to 67 to 68% of all other ethnic groups. Therefore, to ensure comparability across year, these forces have been excluded from the calculations for the year on year change. * Possession (Class B, cannabis) The Ministry of Justice aims to avoid the need for revisions to publications unless they are absolutely necessary and put systems and processes in place to minimise the number of revisions. Differences observed may indicate areas worth further investigation but should not be taken as evidence of bias or as direct effects of ethnicity. Between 2018 and 2021, the homicide rate for people of the black ethnic group was 50.5 homicides per million population in England and Wales, far higher than . In previous publications we have made comparisons to the population using 2011 Census data. Controlling for offence mix between ethnic groups also impacted on custody rates. However, as in previous reports, in order to present as full a picture as possible we have also included some statistics that do not have this badging where National Statistics are not held on important or new topics. , Personal crime includes violence, robbery, theft from the person and other theft of personal property excluding fraud and computer misuse. Drug offences accounted for 21% of all prosecutions and 22% of all convictions for all indictable offences in 2020. 2,574 White, 355 Black, 296 Asian, 226 Mixed and 107 prisoners from Other ethnic groups completed the questionnaires.